Automatic train operation (ATO) is a system that automates the management and operation of trains. The goal of ATO is to increase safety, efficiency, and reliability in rail transport. ATO has become an important aspect of modern transportation systems, especially in urban areas with a high volume of passengers. Synonyms for ATO include Automatic Train Control (ATC), Automated Train Operation (ATO), Automatic Train Protection (ATP), Automatic Train Supervision (ATS), and Driverless Train Operation (DTO). All of these terms refer to systems that automate train operation in some way, with varying degrees of human intervention. Despite their differences, these synonyms all aim to enhance the safety and efficiency of rail transport.