The acid open hearth process is a traditional method for producing steel from pig iron by refining it in an open hearth furnace with an acid lining. Synonyms for this process include the Siemens-Martin process, which is a similar method that uses a basic lining in the furnace. Other alternatives to the acid open hearth process include the Bessemer process and the electric arc furnace, both of which offer more efficient and modern methods for producing steel. The acid open hearth process has been largely phased out in modern steel production but remains an important historical method in the development of the steel industry.