Actinobacteria is a synonym for Actinomycetes. It is a group of gram-positive bacteria typically found in soil and other natural environments, as well as in the mouths and digestive tracts of animals. These bacteria play a vital role in decomposing organic matter and are involved in the production of various antibiotics. Some other synonyms for Actinomycetes include Ray Fungi, Actinomycetal Bacteria, and Streptomycetes. They have branching filaments called hyphae, which give them a unique appearance. Actinomycetes have proven to be an important source of bioactive compounds that have significant therapeutic properties. Despite being mostly harmless, some species of Actinomycetes can cause infections in humans and animals.