Adrenoleukodystrophy is a rare genetic disorder that affects the nervous system and adrenal gland. Some synonyms for Adrenoleukodystrophy include Peroxisomal Disorder, Addison-Schilder Disease, Schilder-Addison Complex, and Siemerling-Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease. These names are used to describe different forms of the same disorder characterized by the breakdown of the myelin that surrounds nerve fibers, leading to severe neurological symptoms. Early diagnosis is important for managing the disease, and treatments such as diet modification, gene therapy, and bone marrow transplantation are being explored. Despite its rarity, increased awareness and research efforts could lead to improved outcomes for those affected by Adrenoleukodystrophy.