The arcuate artery of the kidney, also known as the arcuate branch, is a small blood vessel that runs along the boundary between the cortex and medulla of the kidney. Synonyms for this term include the arcuate vein, renal arcuate artery, and the curved artery of the kidney. The primary function of the arcuate artery is to supply oxygen and nutrients to the nephrons, which are the filtering units of the kidney. The arcuate artery is also responsible for regulating blood pressure and maintaining the fluid and electrolyte balance of the body. Understanding the various synonyms for the arcuate artery of the kidney is essential in the medical field for accurate communication between healthcare professionals.