The concept of biological parenting refers to the individual who provided genetic material to create an offspring. Alternative terms for biological parent include biological mother, biological father, birth parent, or genetic parent. "Birth mother" emphasizes the process of giving birth, while "genetic parent" highlights the genetic contribution to the child. Other terms commonly used are biological dad or mom, natural parent, and genetic donor. These terms have become increasingly prominent with the rise of surrogacy, sperm donors, and adoption. While adoption establishes new legal relationships, biological parenting is a powerful bond that can lead to both emotional closeness and conflict between parents and their offspring.