The Birthday Paradox is a well-known statistical phenomenon that reveals surprising outcomes in probability theory. When a group of people is assembled together, the probability that at least two people in the group have the same birthday is surprisingly high, even in relatively small groups. Alternative phrases for the Birthday Paradox include the Birthday Problem, the Same Day Birthday Problem, or the Birthday Coincidence Problem. Additionally, the Birthday Paradox is sometimes referred to as the Reverse Birthday Problem, where the goal is to determine how many people are required for a given probability of a shared birthday, rather than finding the probability given a specific number of people.