Cantus firmus is a Latin term that refers to a pre-existing melody used as the foundation of a larger composition. Synonyms for this term include plainsong, chorale melody, and ground bass. Plainsong is a type of chant that is unaccompanied and sung in unison, often used in religious settings. Chorale melody is a hymn or tune sung in parts, typically used in Protestant church music. Ground bass is a repetitive bass line used as the foundation of a composition, often found in Baroque music. While each of these terms has a slightly different meaning, they all refer to a pre-existing melody used as the basis for a larger musical work.