Class Merostomata is a group of ancient marine arthropods, commonly known as horseshoe crabs. Synonyms for this term include Xiphosura, which refers to their sword-like tail that they use for defense, and Eurypterida, which refers to a similar group of extinct arthropods that lived during the Paleozoic era. Another synonym for Class Merostomata is Limulidae, which is the family name for horseshoe crabs. They are also sometimes referred to as living fossils, as they have remained relatively unchanged throughout their evolution, with fossils dating back over 450 million years.