Cobalt therapy is a medical treatment that involves the use of gamma radiation from a radioactive form of the element cobalt to destroy cancer cells. There are several synonyms for cobalt therapy, including cobalt-60 therapy, cobalt irradiation, and cobalt radiation therapy. In addition to these terms, cobalt-based radiation treatments may also be referred to as gamma ray therapy or teletherapy. Regardless of the synonym used, the goal of cobalt therapy is to deliver precise doses of ionizing radiation to the targeted cancerous tissue, while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. This therapy has been used for several decades and remains an important tool in cancer treatment.