The term "control gene" refers to a gene that regulates the activity of other genes. It is often referred to as a "master regulator" as it can turn genes on and off, and control the production of proteins essential for life. Scientists use a variety of synonyms to describe control genes, including "transcriptional regulators," "transcription factors," "gene switches," and "master genes." Each of these terms highlights the role that control genes have in regulating the transcription or translation of genetic information. By studying control genes, scientists are better able to understand how genes are turned on and off, and how genetic information is translated into functional proteins.