Countervallation refers to the act of constructing a defensive wall or fortification to counteract an opposing force. However, there are various other terms that could be used interchangeably, such as counterwork, defense, fortification, or bulwark. Furthermore, the word rampart refers to a long, broad, solid defensive wall made of earth or stone, while a parapet refers to a low protective wall along the edge of a roof, bridge, or balcony. A palisade represents a fence made of wooden stakes or iron rails used for defense purposes. Finally, a stockade refers to a barrier made of pointed stakes driven into the ground, often used as a fortification or defensive position.