Darius III, also known as Darius Codomannus, was the last king of the Achaemenid Empire. Synonyms for this historical figure include Darius the Third, Darius the Great, and Darius III of Persia. Darius III was known for his struggle against Alexander the Great, who ultimately defeated him in the Battle of Gaugamela in 331 BCE. Despite his defeat, Darius III's legacy remains significant in history, as he was a powerful ruler who presided over a vast empire. His name is often mentioned in discussions of ancient Persian culture and politics, and he is revered as a symbol of strength and leadership.