Dercum Disease, also known as adiposis dolorosa, is an uncommon and poorly understood condition characterized by painful fatty deposits. Symptoms include tender nodules or lipomas that form predominantly on the trunk, upper limbs, and buttocks. While there are no known cures for Dercum Disease, various treatments aim to manage pain, such as medications, physical therapy, and weight management. Additionally, it is essential to differentiate Dercum Disease from other similar conditions like lipedema or fibromyalgia, as they may exhibit comparable symptoms. By increasing awareness and understanding, researchers hope to unravel the mysteries of this chronic, debilitating disorder and improve the quality of life for those affected.