DNA gyrase is a type of topoisomerase enzyme that is found in bacteria and is responsible for catalyzing the negative supercoiling of DNA. There are several synonyms commonly used to refer to this enzyme, including DNA topoisomerase II, DNA topoisomerase IV, type II topoisomerase, and DNA supercoiling enzyme. These terms are often used interchangeably, depending on the specific context in which the enzyme is being discussed. Overall, DNA gyrase plays a critical role in the regulation and maintenance of DNA structure and function in bacteria, making it an important target for antimicrobial agents designed to combat bacterial infections and diseases.