An effectively dominant mutation refers to a genetic mutation that results in dominant traits in an organism. However, there are several synonyms used in genetics to describe this phenomenon. Some of these synonyms include penetrance, expressivity, inheritance, allelic heterogeneity, and locus heterogeneity. Penetrance refers to the percentage of individuals with a particular mutation who exhibit the associated trait, whereas expressivity refers to the extent to which a particular trait is manifested in individuals with the mutation. Inheritance describes how the mutation is passed down from generation to generation, allelic heterogeneity refers to the existence of different mutations at the same gene locus, while locus heterogeneity refers to mutations at different gene loci that result in similar phenotypes.