An electrocorticogram (ECoG) is a medical test that measures electrical activity within the brain. The term ECoG may also be referred to as an intracranial EEG or cortical surface recording. Other synonyms for ECoG include brain surface recording, cortical mapping, as well as cortical EEG. ECoG is often used to accurately localize the source of seizures in patients with epilepsy. The test involves placing small electrodes directly on the surface of the brain itself, which allows for more precise monitoring of neurological activity. Some other related terms include magnetoencephalogram (MEG), which measures magnetic fields produced by the brain, and positron emission tomography (PET), which measures brain activity by tracking the movement of radioactive material within the brain.