The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a complex organelle present in eukaryotic cells. It plays a crucial role in the cell's protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and detoxification processes. Synonyms for this organelle include the endomembrane system or the rough and smooth ER, depending on the uniqueness of its membrane structure. It is also sometimes referred to as microsomes, a term used when cell membranes are broken into small spherical vesicles for scientific analysis. Other names for the ER include the cell's metabolic powerhouse, which reflects the organelle's importance in the metabolism of different molecules within the cell.