Esophageal atresia is a medical condition that affects the esophagus of infants where the esophagus is not connected to the stomach. Other medically recognized terms for this condition include congenital esophageal atresia, esophageal stenosis, esophagotracheal fistula and tracheoesophageal fistula. Although these terms may differ slightly in how they describe the condition, they all pertain to the absence of a proper connection between the esophagus and the stomach or a connection between the trachea and esophagus. Early detection of this condition is important to ensure that medical intervention is given to affected infants which may include surgery and other forms of treatment.