Europessimism, meaning a negative attitude towards Europe or the European Union, can have several antonyms, which are positive emotions or attitudes towards Europe. Optimism or Eurooptimism, for instance, denotes a positive outlook that Europe can perform well in the areas of its economy, social structures or politics. Europeanism is another term that signifies the appreciation and support for the values, cultures, and achievements of Europe. Pro-Europeanism is a political stand that favors European integration, expansion, and cooperation. Europhilia describes a great fondness or love for Europe, its people, and its culture. Conversely, anti-European sentiment or Euroscepticism represents a hostile or critical attitude towards Europe or the European Union, opposing its policies or influence.