Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) refers to a non-invasive medical treatment used to break down kidney stones into small fragments to pass out of the body through urine. Some synonyms for ESWL include shockwave lithotripsy, extracorporeal stone fragmentation, and acoustic wave lithotripsy. Additionally, terms like renal calculi fragmentation, urinary calculus treatment, and kidney stone disintegration are also used interchangeably with ESWL. This treatment is widely utilized to treat urinary stones and has shown great efficacy in rendering patients pain and stone-free. As technology has advanced, ESWL has become increasingly safer and more efficient, helping patients recover faster with minimal complications.