A front-end processor (FEP) is a computer system or device that manages communication between a user and a larger network or mainframe system. Synonyms for this term include front-end controller, input/output processor, and gateway. The key function of a front-end processor is to manage and control data flow between input/output devices and the central processing unit. Other alternative terms for FEP include intelligent terminal controller and front-end network. Regardless of the term used, these devices provide an essential link between the user and the central processing unit and are critical components of many computer systems, including those used in banking, retail, and other industries.