A gene-for-gene relationship, also known as the gene-to-gene interaction or the genotype-to-phenotype relationship, refers to the concept where a specific gene's function is affected by another specific gene. This relationship is critical in determining the level of resistance or susceptibility of a plant to a pathogen. Synonyms for the gene-for-gene relationship include the matching gene hypothesis, complementary genes, and allelic matching. These terms indicate the association between the genes of the host plant and the pathogen and their impact on disease resistance. Understanding this relationship is essential in developing effective strategies for controlling plant diseases and improving crop production.