Genus Lepidothamnus, commonly known as the Chilean cypress or cipres de las guaitecas, belongs to the family Cupressaceae and is endemic to southern Chile and Argentina. This genus is often confused with the false cypress Chamaecyparis, but can easily be distinguished by its fibrous bark and needle-like foliage. Other synonyms for this genus include Fitzroya cupressoides, a name given to it by Charles Darwin during his voyage on the HMS Beagle, and Pilgerodendron, which was later discovered to be too closely related to other genera in the Cupressaceae family. The Chilean cypress plays an important role in the ecosystems of Patagonia, providing shelter and habitat for a variety of species.