Genus Rosellinia encompasses several species of fungal pathogens that cause root rot and canker disease in a wide range of plants, including trees, fruit crops, and ornamental plants. Synonyms for this genus include Dematophora, Hydrophilus, Melanconium, Pythiacystis, and Sclerostroma. These fungi are characterized by their ability to produce black or brown spores that are often found on the surface of infected plant tissues. Symptoms of Rosellinia infection can vary depending on the host plant, but typically include wilting, reduced growth, and eventually death. Effective management strategies for Rosellinia infections include crop rotation, sanitation, and fungicide treatments.