Hematological malignancy refers to cancer that originates in blood-forming tissues, such as bone marrow, lymphatic system, and blood cells. Some synonyms for this condition include blood cancer, hematologic malignancy, blood cell cancer, and blood cancer diseases. Other related terms may include leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and myelodysplastic syndrome. These cancers can affect the production and function of blood cells, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, bruising, and increased risk of infections. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of cancer and may involve chemotherapy, radiation therapy, stem cell transplants, and targeted therapy. Early detection and timely treatment are essential to improve outcomes for patients with hematological malignancies.