Hemoglobinuria is a medical condition where red blood cells breakdown, leading to the presence of hemoglobin in urine. Synonyms for this term include red urine, hematuria, and blood in urine. Other less commonly used terms include hemoglobin urine, haemoglobinuria, and hemoglobinuria-anemia syndrome. Although different terms are used, they all refer to the same medical condition characterized by the presence of hemoglobin in the urine. Hemoglobinuria may occur due to a variety of factors such as infections, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, and exposure to certain medications and toxins. If left untreated, it can cause severe complications and damage to the kidneys.