HGT, or horizontal gene transfer, refers to the transmission of genetic material between different organisms. Synonyms for HGT include lateral gene transfer and horizontal genetic exchange. These terms are used interchangeably to describe the transfer of genetic information between organisms that are not related by descent. HGT is an important mechanism for the spread of antibiotic resistance and other traits among bacterial populations. Lateral gene transfer can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including conjugation, transduction, and transformation. Understanding the mechanisms of HGT is crucial for developing strategies to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance and other harmful traits in bacteria.