Homocoupling is a term used in organic chemistry and refers to a chemical reaction where two identical molecules combine to form a new molecule. This reaction is also known as dimerization, self-coupling, or self-dimerization. However, there are other synonymous and related terms to homocoupling, including homodimerization, self-association, self-cyclization, and self-polymerization. These reactions can occur through different mechanisms, including metal-catalyzed cross-coupling, radical-mediated coupling, and molecular orbital-based coupling. Homocoupling reactions are essential in synthesizing organic compounds and have valuable applications in material science and pharmacology. Understanding these reactions and their mechanisms is crucial for the development of new synthetic methods and functional materials.