Intensive animal farming, or factory farming, refers to the practice of raising large numbers of animals in confined spaces for maximum production. This method often involves the use of antibiotics, growth hormones, and other chemicals to maximize output and profits. Alternative terms for intensive animal farming include concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs), industrial farms, or simply factory farms. These facilities are often criticized for their negative impact on animal welfare, the environment, and public health. As awareness about the harmful effects of factory farming grows, more sustainable and ethical methods of animal agriculture, such as pasture-based or regenerative farming, are gaining popularity.