John Duns Scotus was a prominent philosopher and theologian of the High Middle Ages, known for his contributions to scholasticism and his defense of the Immaculate Conception. There are several synonyms associated with him, such as "the Subtle Doctor," highlighting his subtle and nuanced approach to philosophy and theology. He is also known as "Doctor Marianus" for his strong devotion to the Virgin Mary. His ideas on the nature of God and the relationship between faith and reason have earned him the title "the Theologian." Additionally, his emphasis on individual will and freedom led to him being referred to as "the Champion of Freedom".