Karol Wojtyla is commonly known as Pope John Paul II, the first non-Italian pope in 450 years, and the second-longest-serving pope in history. Born in Wadowice, Poland in 1920, he assumed the papacy in 1978 and held the position until his death in 2005. He is widely recognized for his progressive stance on social and political issues, his extensive travels around the world and his efforts towards the integration of various religions. Other synonyms that are used to describe him include Karol Józef Wojtyła, Ioannes Paulus II and Jan Paweł II. His contributions to the world as a Pope continue to be a topic of discussion in many circles to this day.