Lardaceous spleen, also known as amyloid spleen, refers to a condition where the normal tissue of the spleen is replaced by amyloid deposits, leading to its hardening and enlargement. Synonymous terminology for this medical term includes amyloidosis of the spleen, splenic amyloid deposition, or amyloid infiltrative disease of the spleen. This condition typically arises from the systemic deposition of amyloid proteins, which often occurs in diseases such as multiple myeloma or chronic inflammatory conditions. Clinically, lardaceous spleen may present with symptoms like abdominal discomfort or fullness, along with potential complications like spleen rupture. Accurate diagnosis through imaging techniques and histological analysis is crucial to determine appropriate medical management.