Latrodectus mactans, commonly known as the black widow spider, is a venomous spider species found throughout the world. It is well-known for its distinctive black color and the iconic red hourglass marking on the underside of the female's abdomen. There are several other species within the Latrodectus genus, including the brown widow spider (Latrodectus geometricus) and the redback spider (Latrodectus hasseltii), both of which are also venomous. Other synonyms for Latrodectus mactans include "southern black widow" and "shoe-button spider," as well as variations of the Latin name, such as "α-Latrotoxin-Lt1a" and "Latrodectus tredecimguttatus.".