Lemur catta, commonly known as the ring-tailed lemur, is a primate species endemic to Madagascar. Synonyms for this species include Lemur varius, Maki catta, and Simia catta. The ring-tailed lemur is known for its distinctive black and white striped tail, and its social behavior, living in groups of up to 30 individuals. Other lemur species found in Madagascar include the black lemur (Eulemur macaco), white-fronted lemur (Eulemur albifrons) and the smallest known primate, the mouse lemur (Microcebus). Endangered due to habitat destruction, lemurs face a significant threat to their survival. Conservation efforts, including the establishment of national parks, are working to protect these unique animals.