Loan translation is a term used in linguistics to describe a borrowing of a phrase or expression and translating each individual word in the borrowed expression to create a new phrase or expression in the target language. The term "calque" or "loanword" could be used as synonyms for loan translations. A calque is a direct word-for-word translation from one language to another, whereas "loanword" refers to a word that is borrowed from one language and used in another without translation. Other related terms include "barnism" which is a type of loan translation that involves the translation of a proverb or idiom, and "neologism" which refers to a newly coined word or expression.