A steel axis, called a mandril, having a pulley attached to the middle of it, is supported at one end either by a conical point, or by a cylindrical collar, and at the other end by another collar, through which it passes.
"On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures"
Charles Babbage
The mandril with the chuck is made to revolve by a strap which passes over the pulley that is attached to it, and likewise over a larger wheel moved either by the foot, or by its connection with steam or water power.
"On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures"
Charles Babbage
107. The wheel is mounted on an arbor or mandril free to rotate on its axis and at a right angle to the cutter worm, which is rotated and brought to bear upon the perimeter of the worm-wheel in the same manner as the working worm-wheel when in action.
"Modern Machine-Shop Practice, Volumes I and II"
Joshua Rose