The maxillary nerve is a major branch of the trigeminal nerve and is responsible for providing sensory innervation to the maxilla, upper lip, cheek, nasal cavity, and palate. It is also responsible for carrying nerve signals to the muscles of the upper jaw and the teeth. This nerve is commonly referred to as the second branch of the trigeminal nerve, or V2. Other synonyms for the maxillary nerve include the superior maxillary nerve, the second division of the trigeminal nerve, and the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve. Understanding the different terms associated with this nerve can help medical professionals better diagnose and treat conditions related to the maxillary area.