Nanocalorimeter is a scientific term used to describe an instrument that measures the amount of heat generated or absorbed by a substance. However, there are several synonyms for nanocalorimeter such as microcalorimeter, isothermal microcalorimeter, and differential scanning calorimeter. These instruments are commonly used in various fields like chemistry, biology, pharmacology, and materials science to measure thermal events such as chemical reactions, adsorption/desorption, and protein folding. These thermal analysis instruments have become essential in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, and polymers. The applications of nanocalorimeter and its synonyms are vast and can lead to the development of new materials and drugs.