Nebuchadnezzar II, also known as Nebuchadrezzar II, was a king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire who ruled from 605 to 562 BCE. He is best known for his conquest of Jerusalem and the destruction of the First Temple. There are several synonyms for Nebuchadnezzar II, including Nabu-kudurri-usur, Nabu-kudurri-uṣur, and Nebuchadnezzar the Great. He is also sometimes referred to as "Nebuchadnezzar the Second" or "Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon." His name is derived from the Akkadian language and means "May Nabu protect my boundary." Nebuchadnezzar II is considered one of the most significant rulers of the ancient Near East and his legacy continues to be studied and examined by historians and scholars today.