New Confucianism is often referred to by synonymous terms such as Neo-Confucianism, Modern Confucianism, or Contemporary Confucianism. These terms all refer to the revitalization of Confucian thought and philosophy in the 20th century, particularly in East Asia. In this modern iteration of Confucianism, scholars seek to reinterpret the ancient teachings of Confucius in light of contemporary issues and values. They focus on concepts such as ethics, morality, and governance, and often critique Western philosophy, especially in regards to its individualistic and materialistic tendencies. The use of synonymous terms highlights the vibrant and evolving nature of New Confucianism, which continues to shape cultural, political, and social spheres across the world.