The term "non-native segment of DNA" can be replaced by many synonyms, depending on the context and the scientific discipline. Some of the most common synonyms include foreign DNA, exogenous DNA, recombinant DNA, transgene, and heterologous DNA. These terms refer to DNA fragments that have been artificially introduced into an organism or cell, usually by genetic engineering techniques, and that do not belong to the organism's natural genome. Non-native segments of DNA can be used for a variety of purposes, such as producing proteins, modifying genetic traits, or studying gene function. However, they can also have adverse effects, such as causing genetic instability or unintended genetic modifications.