The octet theory is a fundamental principle in chemistry that states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in a way that gives them a stable configuration of eight electrons in their valence shell. This theory has many synonyms, including the Lewis theory of bonding, the electronic theory of chemical bonds, and the octet rule. These terms all refer to the same underlying principle and are used interchangeably in chemistry textbooks and research articles. The octet theory is a critical concept in understanding the behavior of atoms in chemical reactions and is essential for predicting the properties and reactivity of molecules.