Oligodendroglia, also known as oligodendrocytes, are a type of glial cell found in the central nervous system. These cells are responsible for producing myelin, a fatty substance that surrounds and insulates nerve fibers, allowing for fast and efficient communication between neurons. While the term "oligodendroglia" is commonly used in scientific literature, there are several synonyms for this cell type, including oligodendrocyte, myelin-forming cell, myelinating cell, and glial cell type II. However, regardless of the term used, oligodendroglia remain integral to the proper functioning of the nervous system, and their dysfunction has been linked to numerous neurological disorders.