In medieval Islam, ophthalmology was a highly regarded discipline that focused on the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases. Synonyms for ophthalmology in this era include "tibb al-'uyun" and "'ilm al-'uyun". Tibb al-'uyun translates to "medicine of the eyes" and represents the medical aspect of ophthalmology while 'ilm al-'uyun translates to "science of the eyes" and represents the academic aspect. The field of ophthalmology was advanced during this time with scholars like Ibn Sina and Al-Razi contributing to the development of new techniques and remedies for various eye diseases. The proficiency in ophthalmology in medieval Islam led to the creation of the world's first eye hospitals.