The Order Pelycosauria, which literally means "basin lizards", refers to a group of extinct carnivorous reptiles that lived during the Permian period. These creatures varied in size and shape, and are characterized by their sail-like structures on their backs, which were likely used for thermoregulation and display purposes.
There are several synonyms for the Order Pelycosauria, including the suborder Caseasauria, which includes the earliest and most primitive of the group, and the suborder Synapsida, which includes all mammal-like reptiles that evolved from the Pelycosaurs. Other synonyms include the Taeniospondylus, Anomodontia, and Theromorpha. Despite their extinct status, the Pelycosaurs played a significant role in the evolution of reptiles and mammals, paving the way for many of the species we know today.