Ostrya carpinifolia, commonly known as the hop hornbeam, is a tree species indigenous to Europe and western Asia. It is known for its hard, dense wood and catkin flowers that appear in the spring. While hop hornbeam is the most commonly used name for the species, there are several other synonyms for Ostrya carpinifolia, including ironwood, Eastern hop hornbeam, and Leverwood, among others. These names reflect the various characteristics and uses of the tree, from its strong and durable wood to its hop-like fruit clusters. Despite its various names, Ostrya carpinifolia is a beloved and important tree species in many landscapes and ecosystems.