The periarterial plexus, also known as the vasomotor plexus, is a network of nerve fibers and ganglia that ensheathe the larger arterial vessels in many parts of the body. Some synonyms for the periarterial plexus include the perivascular nervous system, vascular autonomic nervous system, and arteriolar vasculature. Other related terms may include the arterial nervous system and the arteriole innervation system. These various terms all refer to the complex and intricate network of nerves that control the dilation and contraction of the arteries and arterioles, helping to regulate blood flow and maintain homeostasis in the body.