The Petrarchan sonnet, also known as an Italian sonnet, is a 14-line poem that originated in 14th century Italy. It consists of an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines) with a specific rhyme scheme. While "Petrarchan sonnet" is the commonly used term, there are a few other synonyms for this poetic form. One alternative name is "Italian sonnet," as it was invented by Italian poet Francesco Petrarca (or Petrarch). Another name is "sonetto rima italiana," which literally means "Italian rhyme sonnet" in Italian. Overall, the Petrarchan sonnet remains a popular poetic form, known for its lyrical style and romantic themes.