Physiological jaundice of the newborn is a common condition that occurs in approximately 60% of full-term and 80% of premature infants, usually within the first week of life. This condition manifests in yellowing of the infant's skin and eyes due to elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood. There are several synonyms used to describe this condition, including neonatal jaundice, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and neonatal icterus. Regardless of the name used, this condition is typically benign and resolves on its own without intervention within a few weeks of birth. However, in rare cases, excessively high levels of bilirubin can lead to serious complications like brain damage.